Continuing our research into the deception of esotericism, let us go back to theological sources and find the definitions for both esotericism (the hidden reality) and exoterism (the external or the apparent). Finding the Definition of Esotericism and Exotericism from Theological Sources The definitions of exotericism (ẓâhir) and esoteric (bāṭen or taʾwīl) vary, the … Continue reading
After my previous article Takmil-e-Deen, a question was haunting my mind: If there is no place of the doctrine of Imamat in Islam, then what can be the origin of the prevailing doctrine of the Imamat? Here I was caught in the wilderness of a novel doctrine: exoteric and esoteric concept. Here I quote Ivanow to … Continue reading
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